Abstract Introduction: Haemodialysis arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) are prone to flow dysfunction resulting in inadequate access and increased mortality. While guidelines recommend doppler ultrasound scan (DUS) in vascular mapping for preoperative vascular access, in assessment of AVF maturation and flow dysfunction, there is no clear recommendation for AVF surveillance. Many parameters are reported in DUS but there is no universal consensus in the reported measurements. This study reviews and summarises the current evidence reporting on the various parameters of DUS in assessing AVF. Method: A comprehensive multi-database search (EBM Reviews, Medline, EMBASE, Scopus) was conducted from date of database inception to 11th March 2022. Initial search rendered 4129 studies after removal of 291 duplicates. After screening, 19 studies were identified. Parameters included flow volume (Qa), end diastolic velocity (EDV), peak systolic velocity (PSV), resistive index (RI), cephalic vein diameter (CVD and other novel parameters. Results: The literature presents a range of cut-offs. In mature AVF, Qa <460ml/min is predictive of complications compared to Qa <400ml/min in the early post-operative period. Cut-offs include an EDV >110cm/s and <59cm/s for predicting success and failure respectively, a PSV of >135 cm/s and <130cm/s for predicting AVF maturation and requirement for intervention respectively, a RI >0.50-0.60 for predicting failure, and AVF CVD >4-6mm being more likely to mature. Four novel parameters were found including blood flow volume/resistive index ratio, brachial artery diameter, pulsatility index and time-averaged mean velocity. Conclusion: DUS is a helpful tool for evaluating the AVF maturation or dysfunction. However, due to the significant heterogeneity in study design, outcome measurement, location and timing of examination, further research with more consistent measuring protocols is required to validate various reported parameters.