Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the impact of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons' (RACS) diversity and inclusion initiatives on female participation and acceptance rates in Surgical Education and Training (SET) programs in Australia from 2013 to 2021. Methodology: The study used a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of publicly available data from RACS activities reports from 2013 to 2021. It compared the number of male and female applicants and their acceptance rates into SET programs across nine surgical subspecialties before and after the release of RACS' Diversity and Inclusion Plan (DIP) in November 2016. Results: The analysis revealed a complex picture of gender equity progress. While the overall number of surgical applicants decreased across most subspecialties, cardiothoracic surgery and neurosurgery showed a minimal increase. Notably, the proportion of female applicants increased significantly only in orthopaedic surgery, from 14% to 18% (p=0.047), despite an overall decline in applicant numbers. Regarding acceptance rates, significant increases for female applicants were observed in general surgery, plastic surgery, and orthopaedic surgery post-DIP release, with acceptance rates rising to 39.07%, 25.55%, and 60.64%, respectively. In general and orthopaedic surgery, male acceptance rates also increased significantly, while in plastic surgery, the increase was limited to female applicants. Conclusion: The study highlights the modest but significant progress towards gender equity in surgical training following the implementation of RACS' Diversity and Inclusion Plan. Despite an overall decline in surgical applicants, targeted initiatives have improved female acceptance rates in several key subspecialties. However, the persistent underrepresentation and complex dynamics suggest that continued efforts are necessary to foster a more inclusive and equitable environment in surgical education and practice.