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Institution: Townsville University Hospital and James Cook University - QLD, Australia
Purpose: Minor amputation is a common requirement to treat diabetes-related foot disease (DFD). Remoteness of residence is known to limit access to healthcare and has previously been associated with poor outcomes following vascular disease. The primary aim of this study was to examine the associations between remoteness of residency and ethnicity with the risk of major amputation and death following initial treatment of DFD by minor amputation and possible risk factors of the same outcomes.
Methodology: This was a retrospective analysis of data from patients who required a minor amputation to treat DFD between 2000 and 2019 at a regional tertiary hospital in Queensland, Australia. Baseline characteristics were collected along with remoteness of residence and ethnicity. Remoteness was classified according to the 2019 Modified Monash Model (MMM) system. The outcomes of major amputation and death were examined using Cox-proportional hazard analyses.
Results: A total of 534 participants were included, with 306 (57.3%) residing in metropolitan or regional centres, 228 (42.7%) in rural and remote communities and 144 (27.0%) were Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander people. During a median (IQR) follow-up of 4.0 (2.1-7.6) years, 103 participants (19.3%) had a major amputation and 250 (46.8%) died. The risks (hazard ratio [95% CI]) of major amputation and death were not significantly higher in participants residing in rural and remote areas (0.97 [0.67, 1.47] and 0.98 [0.76, 1.26]) or in Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander people (1.44 [0.96, 2.16] and 0.89 [0.67, 1.18]). Ischemic heart disease (IHD), peripheral artery disease (PAD), osteomyelitis and foot ulceration (p<0.001 in all instances) were independent risk factors for major amputation.
Conclusion: Major amputation and death are common following minor amputation to treat DFD. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People and residents of remote areas were not at excess risk of major amputation or death.
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Dr Chanika Alahakoon - , Dr Tejas Singh - , Dr Shivshankar Thanigaimani - , Dr Aaron Drovandi - , Dr James Charles - , Dr Malindu Fernando - , Prof Peter Lazzarini - , Dr Joseph Moxon - , Prof Jonathan Golledge -